Defender 300Tdi (1996+). Manual — part 56
57
STEERING
6
FAULT DIAGNOSIS
STEERING STABILITY AND VEER UNDER
BRAKING
Possible cause:
Incorrectly set, swivel pin bearing preload.
Remedy.
1. Follow instructions to overhaul front stub axle,
constant velocity joint and swivel pin
See
FRONT AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE, Overhaul,
Front Stub Axle, Constant Velocity Joint and
Swivel Pin Housing .
1. GENERAL STEERING
1. Carry out visual and safety checks
See Visual
and Safety Checks .
2. Road test vehicle
See Road Test Procedure .
3. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue
4. Is problem stiff steering?
YES -
See Stiff Steering Checklist .
NO - Go to 6.
5. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - go to 8.
6. Is problem steering niggle ?
YES - Replace radius arm bushes, arm and axle
See FRONT SUSPENSION, Repair, Radius
Arm .
NO - go to 8.
7. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
8. Centralise steering box
See Adjustment,
Centralise Steering Box .
9. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
10. Check, adjust if necessary, steering geometry.
11. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
12. Categorise the remaining problems into one or
more of the following descriptions:
See 2. Steering Veer .
See 3. Veer Under Braking .
See 4. Directional Stability .
STEERING
7
FAULT DIAGNOSIS
2. STEERING VEER
From 1. GENERAL STEERING:
1. Vehicle veers, not under braking, swap front
tyres side to side.
2. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
3. Does vehicle now veer in other direction?
YES - fit new tyres
NO - continue.
4. Recentralise steering box
See Adjustment,
Centralise Steering Box.
5. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - contact local technical office.
3. VEER UNDER BRAKING
From 1. GENERAL STEERING:
1. Vehicle veers under braking, bleed brake
system.
2. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
3. Check brake pads for glazing, and discs, axles
etc for contamination.
4. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
5. Check brake lines and hoses for deterioration.
Replace as necessary.
6. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
7. Contact local technical office.
57
STEERING
8
FAULT DIAGNOSIS
4. DIRECTIONAL STABILITY
From 1. GENERAL STEERING:
1. Is directional stability concern when vehicle is
towing?
YES - Check towing/vehicle loading parameters
in Owner’s Handbook.
NO - go to 3.
2. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
3. Check condition of rear trailing link/chassis
bushes.
4. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
5. Check condition of front and rear shock
absorbers. If necessary, change units in pairs,
side to side.
6. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
7. Check steering damper
See Steering Damper
.
8. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
9. Check wheel balance
10. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - contact local technical office.
POWER STEERING FLUID LEAKS
1. Is fluid level correct?
YES - go to 3.
NO - Refill or drain to correct level. Bleed
system, check for leaks
See Repair, Power
Steering System - Bleed.
2. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
3. Are hoses or joints leaking? Check on full lock
with engine at 2000 rev/min.
YES - loosen and retorque joints.
NO - go to 6.
4. Does leak remain?
YES - change PAS pipe.
NO - end.
5. Does leak remain?
YES - suspect seal in component. Check and
replace as necessary.
NO - end.
6. Is oil escaping from filler cap?
YES - bleed system
See Repair, Power
Steering System - Bleed.
NO - go to 8.
7. Is oil still escaping from filler cap?
YES - go back to 1.
NO - end.
8. Is oil leaking from PAS pump?
YES - go to 10.
NO - continue.
9. Is oil leaking from PAS box?
YES - go to 10.
NO - end.
10. Clean unit, add tracer dye to system. Retest
11. Is oil still leaking?
YES - establish leak point. Repair or replace unit
as necessary.
NO - end.
STEERING
9
FAULT DIAGNOSIS
POWER STEERING SYSTEM - EXCESSIVE NOISE
1. Is fluid level correct?
YES - go to 3.
NO - Refill or drain to correct level. Bleed
system, check for leaks
See Repair, Power
Steering System - Bleed .
2. Is problem resolved?
YES - end
NO - continue.
3. Is pressure hose from pump to box touching
body in a hard foul condition?
YES - route hose away from body.
NO - go to 5.
4. Does noise remain?
YES - continue.
NO - end.
5. Is noise a whistle or hiss on full lock?
YES - noise is not a fault unless excessive.
Compare with other vehicles
NO - go to 8.
6. Is noise excessive?
YES - continue.
NO - end.
7. Change steering box and/or pump.
8. Is noise a squeal on full lock?
YES - checkdrive belt tension and remove belt if
necessary
See ELECTRICAL, Repair,
Auxiliary drive Belt .
NO - go to 10.
9. Does squeal remain?
YES - drive belt contaminated, change belt.
NO - end.
10. Is noise a continuous moan?
YES - bleed PAS system
See Repair, Power
Steering System - Bleed .
NO - go to 13.
11. Does moan remain?
YES - do figure 8 manoeuvres.
NO - end.
12. Does moan remain?
YES - continue
NO - end.
13. Is noise an intermittent "grunt"?
YES -
See Power Steering System - Grunt .
NO - continue.
14. Is it a clunking noise?
YES - check drive belt tension and renew belt if
necessary
See ELECTRICAL, Repair,
Auxiliary drive Belt .
NO - contact local technical office.
15. Does noise remain?
YES - Suspect suspension or drive train.
NO - end.
POWER STEERING SYSTEM - GRUNT
Steering box grunts intermittently when turning
from lock to lock:
1. Is fluid level correct?
YES - go to 3.
NO - refill or drain to correct level. Bleed system,
check for leaks
See Repair, Power Steering
System - Bleed .
2. Does grunt remain?
YES - continue
NO - end.
3. Is correct low pressure hose ANR 3152, steering
box to reservoir fitted?
YES - go to 5.
NO - Fit correct hose.
4. Does grunt remain?
YES - continue
NO - end.
5. Purge box by doing figure 8 manoeuvres e.g. on
car park, followed by 10 minutes normal road
use.
6. Does grunt remain?
YES - Contact local technical office
NO - end.
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