Defender (1999-2002). Manual — part 115
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PANEL REPAIRS
2
PROCEDURES
PANEL REPLACEMENT PROCEDURE
General
This information is designed to explain the basic panel
removal and replacement method. This standard
method may vary slightly from one vehicle to another.
The main criterion in removal and replacement of
body panels is that Land Rover’s original standard is
maintained as far as possible.
All repair processes and procedures shown relate to
Aluminium panels.
Remove Panel
1. Expose resistance spot welds. For those spot
welds which are not obviously visible, use a
rotary drum sander or wire brush fitted to an air
drill, or alternatively a hand held wire brush.
WARNING: Ensure breathing mask and
protective glasses are worn during
operations where Aluminium particles are
removed.
CAUTION: Never use a sanding disc that
has previously been used on steel, as iron
deposits could be left on the surface of the
Aluminium.
NOTE: In wheel arch areas it may be
necessary to soften underbody coating
using a hot air gun, prior to exposing spot
welds.
2. Cut out welds using a cobalt drill.
3. Alternatively use a clamp-type spot weld
remover.
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PANEL REPAIRS
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PROCEDURES
4. Cut away the bulk of the panel as necessary
using an air saw.
NOTE: On certain panel joints MIG welds
and braze should be removed using a
sander where possible, before cutting out
the panel bulk.
5. Separate spot welded joints and remove panel
remnants using hammer, bolster chisel and
pincers.
Prepare Old Surfaces
6. Clean all panel joint edges to a bright smooth
finish, using a belt-type sander.
NOTE: Prior to sanding, remove remaining
sealant using a hot air gun to minimise the
risk of toxic fumes caused by generated
heat.
WARNING: Care must be taken to avoid
excessive heat build up which may be
caused by this equipment.
7. Straighten existing joint edges using shaping
block and hammer.
CAUTION: Where significant straightening
is required, heat must be applied to the
area to avoid stretching the Aluminium.
CAUTION: All tools used for working with
Aluminium must be kept separate from
those used on steel.
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PANEL REPAIRS
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PROCEDURES
Prepare New Surfaces
8. Prepare new panel joint edges for welding by
sanding to a bright finish. This must include inner
as well as outer faces.
9. Drill holes in new panel, in the equivalant spot
weld positions.
10. Apply adhesive sealant to panel joint surfaces.
11. All mating faces that have sealant applied to
them must be cleaned using a suitable solvent.
The majority of Aluminium sealants have a
primer/pre-treatment included with them.
CAUTION: Do not use Petroleum Spirit,
Alcohol or Paint Thinners to clean mating
faces.
Offer Up and Align
Offer up new panel and align with associated panels.
Clamp into position using welding clamps or Mole
grips. Where a joggle or brace joint is being adopted,
make a set in the original panel joint edge or insert a
brace behind the joint.
NOTE: In cases where access for welding
clamps is difficult, it may be necessary to
use tack welds.
12. Dress MIG tack welds using a sander with 36 grit
disc, or a belt-type sander where access is
limited.
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PANEL REPAIRS
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PROCEDURES
Welding
13. When plug welding, begin weld approximately 15
mm (0.6 ’) from hole. This will allow the weld
area to be preheated which will enhance weld
penetration. It also allows the operator to see
more easily where penetration takes place. Fill
hole with weld by moving in a circular direction
around the hole.
14. When MIG seam welding do not carry out
lengthy operations. Divide the welds into short
operations, this will reduce the chances of
overheating the workpiece which inturn will avoid
distortion and strain.
15. Dress all welds using a sander with 36 grit disc,
or a belt-type sander and/or wire brush.
CAUTION: Only use a Stainless Steel wire
brush for Aluminium.
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